A) Explain why many Basques in Spain feel they are not Spanairds and Essay

A) Explain why many Basques in Spain feel they are not Spanairds and b) discuss the socioeconomic organization of the French Basque Community of Santazai. Make reference to the readings - Essay Example By 1876, all the land belonging to Basques was divided between Spain and France. The Basque culture and language in the Spanish territories were prohibited during the time of General Francisco Franco. By 1950s, resistant groups had been formed, mostly the Basque Homeland and Liberty and the Euskadi Ta Askatasuna symbolized by (ETA). The ETA decided to commit terrorist attacks in 1970s and 1980s after the Spanish had ruled over the Basques were later liberalized when Franco died in 1975. Three Spanish Basques provinces were united together in 1980 as Basque autonomous Community (Cooper 65). The three provinces out of four were; Navarra, Vizcaya, and Guipuzcoa. The residents were given limited recognition of their language, culture, and autonomy and control over their police force and schools. The ETA were representing a small minority group, but they continued fighting for independence. There has been no comparable activity between Basques in Spain and French Basques who were subjected to the same repression. ETA has been provided with safe havens and material as sistance by sympathizers in the French side. Basque country consists of three regions on the French side and four regions in Spanish side. The regions on the Spanish side are; Navarra, Vizcaya, Alava, and Guipuzcoa (Cooper 46). The regions on the French side are; Soule, Labourd, and Basse-Navarre. The Basques renamed these regions collectively as Euskal-Herraia or Euskadi meaning land of the Basques. These regions were unified approximately a thousand years ago. The geographical area is varied, it contains foothills and ridges, mountain streams, narrow and steep valleys, and short coastal plains. The land of Basques is densely populated, with 3 million residents. Out of the 3 million inhabitants, 0.5 million are in France while 2.5 million are in Spain. Genetic information including blood types suggests that the Basques are ancient people

Nowruz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nowruz - Essay Example The Nowruz celebrations do not restrict members from inviting other people because it takes place across the world. For instance, the Iranians living in other distant places still observe the day and may feel free to invite their colleagues. This implies that those people who do not follow the Persian calendar can join their friends for the ceremony. The vital aspect of the Nowruz was the setting up on the table with decorative items for appreciating life and other components. The Haft Seen is a traditional norm that takes place in the New Year holiday of the Iranians (Flaskerud 209). It involves the setting up of the table with seven different items that contain separate meanings. It is apparent that each piece in Haft seen is a sign from Regeneration, productiveness, profusion and Wealth among others. For instance, the Sib (Apple) is a prevalent item in the Haft Seen tables and symbolizes beauty and good health of the people. The Iranians believe that the apples enabled them to see the day and it is a way of appreciating their beauty. The other item is Senjed, which is a sea-buckthorn that symbolizes wisdom, love and regenerate. The Serkeh is a vinegar that signifies the old-age and satisfaction. The Persians use vinegar to relieve stress from their daily endeavors and this formed the essential part of their Nowruz celebrations (Flaskerud 209). The Samanu is another item made from germinated wheat to signify affluence and bravery. It was mostly prepared by the older women in the ancient Islamic Persian Empire to appreciate the authority of the leaders. The Seer was symbolized by Garlic in the Haft Seen setting and was instrumental for medicinal values. It was considered a stimulation symbol that would encourage the Iranians to keep healthy and respect other people’s rights. The Somaq is a sumac fruit that was part of the set up to symbolize life and the new dawn of

College drop-outs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

College drop-outs - Essay Example It is very difficult for an average student to afford education in a good university. People start their journey of education with a hope to get higher education one day. But by the time they reach that stage, they find their pockets too empty to even think about that. This becomes the cause of drop-outs for a lot of students. This is, indeed, a very unfortunate thing that someone who is capable of studying cannot study only because they don’t have money. There are some students who take loans to afford their education, but they go through a very tough and demanding experience emotionally, psychologically, and physically. Homesickness is a common reason for the drop-out from colleges, both among the native and the international students. Most of the 21.8 million students attending colleges and universities in America would be leaving their homes to explore a new environment, develop new relationships, and do everything by themselves; â€Å"More than a few of those students wi ll suffer homesickness, which can turn into depression, low motivation, insomnia, stomach aches and loneliness -- and their dropout rates are three times higher than non-homesick students, according to one 1993 study† (Lorenz). Native students living in hostels to save the cost of having to move from home to university every day have to live away from their families. Not only do they have to cope with homesickness, but they also have to deal with a lot of other challenges like bullying. A hostel, in no way, compares to a home in terms of environment. There are a lot of distractions in hostels. Young boys and girls form groups and gangs and tend to bully a certain student. The student finds it very difficult to deal with such groups, and eventually drops-out. Things are no less tough for the international students who have come from different countries to study in a certain university. International students also have to deal with many more problems in addition to homesickness; they have to find suitable accommodation and work in order to be able to manage their expenses. They miss their families back home. Those among the international students who cannot deal with all these challenges simultaneously eventually drop-out of colleges. In order to pay the college fee, many students work. This is typically observed among the international students. They come from underdeveloped and developing countries in search of better educational and life opportunities. Their parents are not that rich to pay their fees. Knowing that they have to manage everything by themselves, most international students work along with studying. Most of the times, they find menial jobs like dishwashing and when it comes to pay, every hour counts. They feel obliged to work as many hours as they can in order to be able to earn more. They face a lot of problems trying to manage work with education. Gradually, they realize that even if they drop-out but continue with their work, it would n ot only make their life easier, but would also lend them an opportunity to settle down in the foreign country. They also realize that they are earning more than they possibly can in their native countries. Hence, many international students drop-out of the colleges. Concluding, drop-outs are commonly observed among students of all ages in general and the ones in higher education in particular. While there are many causes of drop-outs, some of the prominent causes include

The case study of focused scenario#3 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The of focused scenario#3 - Case Study Example Pt enjoys gardening, volunteers at the local library for 4 hrs. each wk. and teaches a Sunday school class at her church. During the subjective history taking, the headaches experienced by the patient is to be assessed for the quality (deep or superficial, localized or radiating, aching, throbbing, sharp, shooting, burning) and intensity (subjective pain scale) Location or path is also important to ask, especially if the headache is of radiating type. Any medications taken should also be noted. As for the "funny sensation" on the patient's extremities, the onset and character should be assessed as well as any accompanying numbness on the affected areas. Physical to the head, diseases such as stroke, meningitis and encephalitis are important to ask in the Past Medical History Family History should be more thorough and note the presence of any hereditary neurologic disease, mental retardation, epilepsy or seizure disorder, weakness or gait disorders and metabolic disorders such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus (Seidel, et.al, 2006). Since the patient does gardening, it is important to ask the patien t for exposure to insecticides, organic solvents and other gardening chemicals. Use of alcohol and drugs should also be asked. patient's complaints are neurologic.

Breaching Experiment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Breaching Experiment - Research Paper Example For this experiment, in which the student will assume the personality of a FaceBook creeper, the reaction to being a creeper is the most important point. If the social breach succeeds and social norms are compromised, how people react is evidence of mechanisms through which they attempt to combat the breach or make sense of the abnormal behavior (Garfinkel, 2011). Whereas it is expected that lighthearted breaches in the FaceBook creeper experiment will induce curiosity, confusion, and laughter, breaches of a more serious nature are expected to cause anger and anxiety. It was also expected that the experiment would show how uncomfortable people are about unexpected notification or information. The Facebook picture creeper experiment was chosen for this study, in which I had to go through the photo album of an acquaintance on Facebook and comment on about fifteen to twenty photos. These photos were supposed to be more than six months old and the comments were to be posted over a period of three days. In addition, the experiment required that only positive comments were written on the posts, such as â€Å"cute photo† and other positive comments. After posting, I was to check back to identify whether anyone else had commented on photo as a result of my posts and a description of the responses was to be made, as well as a description of how I felt about making these posts. For the experiment, I picked one of my friends from high school, whom I had not seen or talked to for some time and was not a friend on Facebook. I searched for her name on Facebook and identified her photo, after which I made a friend request that was accepted. Immediately after we became friends on the site, I commented on twenty of her photographs from her photo album and, as required by the experiment, I ensured that all my comments on the photos were positive. In the beginning, I commented on only a few photographs

The importance of SOC broth for bacterial transformation Article

The importance of SOC broth for bacterial transformation - Article Example The elementary one of it is Lysogeny Broth. SOC is associated with it (Hannan). SOC is a variant and a further refined form of SOB. While SOB is devoid of glucose, it is the presence of glucose to SOB which makes it a SOC. It also helps identifying and determining different colonies of bacteria, their growth time, and their overall nomenclature. SOC media is enriched with glucose which makes it more sought after for the formation and lateral transformation of bacteria. However the presence of bacteria is a concern since it strengthens the overall cell existence and ultimately more resistance. Other advantage to SOC broth is its adjustment to the PH level around 7, which is most desired and provides options towards a neutral usage. Apart from this, SOC contains certain percentage and proportion of MgSo4. Hence all these traits and possessions make SOC broth more suitable for bacterial transformation than the

A Discussion on the Renaissance Art and Its Influences Essay Example for Free

A Discussion on the Renaissance Art and Its Influences Essay 1. The Renaissance style is considered as a collective movement related to the reawakening of art – particularly drawing, painting, sculpture, and architecture – that centered in Italy from 1300-1600 (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 265-266).   This movement evolved over the years as people – tired of the medieval life of poverty and sickness – started to develop new world views.   These world views centered on essential and profound questions related to human beings, their lives, and their purposes in lives.   They formed striking similarities to the Greco-Roman intellectual discourses, which were overshadowed during the dark times of the medieval age but rediscovered during the reawakening period of the Renaissance. Experts agreed that the Renaissance movement started in Florence, Italy, then a trading center between Europe and the rest of the world and a platform for exchange of ideas, purchase of arts, and commissioning of literary works (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 267).   In Italy, people began to question tradition and authority, focus on life on earth, shape their own destinies, educate their selves and revisit the classical teachings from Greece and Rome.   Teachings from Italy were then dispersed elsewhere in Europe and the world through the printing press, a revolutionary invention during the Renaissance (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 265). See more: Homelessness as a social problem Essay One example of a Renaissance art that is a symbol of the inner health of the people during that era was Raphael’s School of Athens (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 315).   This painting pictured the great minds who existed in the city of Athens in Greece – Socrates, Plato and Aristotle – who were gathered in what appeared to be a school.   In the painting, the great minds seemed to be enthralled in a lively exchange of ideas.   Experts said that School of Athens attempted to show that the ancient greats of Greece were as good as the Renaissance men of Leonardo, Raphael and Michelangelo.   In fact in the painting, the three Renaissance artists were supposed to be Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. Another example of a Renaissance art that embodied the dynamism and transformation peculiar to the period was the sculpture of Michelangelo of David when the artist was at a relatively young age of 26 (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 286). David was depicted as a civilized and a thinking individual who contemplates on challenges without immediately resorting to unnecessary brute.   David was said to represent the brightness of the Renaissance man.   It was also said to epitomize the confidence that the people then were feeling in influencing their destinies in terms of trouncing evil and gaining victories. Renaissance humanism is a notion that sprang during this period.   This notion placed emphasis on the capacity of human beings to manipulate their future without overreliance on the church (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 287).   Although much of the art works had religious themes, the works portrayed religious icons as humans.   Such portrayal made light of the religious canons imposed by the church.   Instead, the portrayal highlighted the human spirit and its capacity to elevate to great heights.   One example of an art work that displayed humanism was Sandro Botticelli’s Birth of Venus, which depicted the goddess as an innocent woman with the use of pastel colors.   Another example is Simone Martini’s Annunciation, where an angel painted in realistic human dimensions and appearance appeared to tell Mary that she will bear God’s son. The rebirth of the artistic movement in Italy was largely attributed to the successful businessmen in the city of Florence who fed, trained, educated and provided for the basic needs of the artists (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 268).  Ã‚   These patrons commissioned works based on clear-cut agreements. The powers of these businessmen from the Medici family stretched all the way to Rome, allowing many artists to secure contracts to accomplish religious works of arts for the Catholic Church.  Ã‚   The patronage of the Medici family for the artists was crucial to the Renaissance as artists were elevated to a stature important to the beautification and strengthening of the culture of Florence.   When the Medici family declined, artists went to Rome where they received the patronage of the pope (Weekly Lectures, n.d.). 3. Prior to the Protestant Reformation, there had been a fierce and widespread sentiment about the perceived abuses of the Catholic Church (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 240).   People felt that the leaders of the church were leading extravagant lives that contrasted with the generally modest, if not poor, living of the majority of the people.   There were classes within the population that wanted to lead  Ã‚  Ã‚   towards positive change.   People were also weary of being caught in the cross-fire of conflicts between the Catholic Church and Kings, both desired power and wealth. To top these off, people were staring to change their beliefs about the capabilities of human beings during the Renaissance. These situations were the precursors to the ushering of the Protestant Reformation, which was set off by German monk Martin Luther.   Luther questioned the corruption and moral degradation in Rome and in the whole of the Catholic Church through his writings in The 95 Theses.   The Church however was not willing to change its ways.   It then financed the Counter-Reformation (Cunningham and Reich, 2009, p. 297). Immediately, art became the medium of propagating the beliefs of the Protestants, who had their bailiwicks in northern Europe, and Catholics, whose strongholds were in the south.   For the Catholics, art must focus on religious contents with certain symbolisms that magnify the holiness of the contents.   The Catholic art was similar to the art that had prevailed in the Middle Ages.   For the Protestants, Catholic religious contents in arts were idolatrous that must be destroyed through iconoclastic movements during the Protestant Reformation. The Protestant art was similar to the art of the humanist Renaissance artists who depicted contents in realistic settings. As a response to the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church introduced a Counter-Reformation.   It instituted a few changes within the church but became more austere in regulating heresy.   Regulations covered the arts, sending Catholic painters to produce religious contents similar to those done during the Middle Ages. Content in arts was the distinguishing factor between the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation.   For the Protestants during the Reformation, paintings centered on mundane activities of everyday existence.   Occasionally, paintings drawn out of scenes from the Bible were made.   However, these paintings depicted the religious contents in a humanistic manner.  Ã‚   Simple scenes found in regular occasions were also contained in paintings.   Generally, the contents did not attempt to glorify contents through symbols. For the Catholics during the Counter-Reformation, paintings focused on idealized religious contents that contained symbolisms of holiness, omnipotence, and great glory.   These religious contents were idealized in terms of appearance and the environment in which they were depicted to move.   Painters did not paint flaws.  Ã‚   They likewise veered from common scenes experienced by common people.   Some of the religious contents depicted in the Counter-Reformation included Catholic saints, sacraments, traditions, and codes of belief taught by the Catholic Church. The arts during Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation were divergent largely because of the opposing world views espoused by the Protestants and the Catholics.   On one hand, the Protestants believed that man could shape his destiny and approach God because the sacrifices of Christ were enough to save human souls.   On the other hand, the Catholics believed that intermediaries like saints and the Virgin Mary were needed to help Catholics approach God and enter the gates of heaven. Because intermediaries were needed, Catholics created relics where divine powers were supposed to reside.   A form of these relics is a typical painting created during Reformation.   Catholics worshipped the relics and sought from these relics intervention in order to get the graces of God. Because Protestants believed in the value of man and Christ’s sacrifices, they loathed these relics and called these relics channels of idolatry.